Masonic Week for the Uninitiated

Logos of Various Masonic Week participants

By James Hodgkins

Graphic: Logos of various Masonic organizations

On February 13, 2011, just outside of our nation’s Capitol in Alexandria, Va., another successful Masonic Week concluded a five-day Homeric Odyssey of meetings, lectures, dinners, and degrees. To those who have never had the luxury of attending Masonic Week, are not members of the York Rite, or are simply new to the Fraternity; this vast array of bodies can be extremely confusing and even intimidating. Since I fall in that middle group and know that my confusion is not unique, a synopsis of these bodies could perhaps be of some use to the “uninitiated.”

While ostensibly active since 1932, Masonic Week first convened in Washington, D.C., on February 21, 1938; where it has met continuously in the greater-metro area for 72 of the past 73 years under the auspices of the Grand Council of Allied Masonic Degrees.1 Now, at this point, some of you might be asking yourselves “What on earth are the Allied Masonic Degrees and how does someone join?” Nearly all of the bodies meeting during Masonic Week are “invitation only,” and their particulars are given below. For 2011, there were eighteen Masonic bodies listed as meetings at Masonic Week. They range in purpose from the extremely prestigious and invitational Blue Friars to my personal favorite, Ye Antiente Order of Corks; which likely needs no explanation as to their raison d’être. The following is a very brief synopsis of each of these eighteen bodies, from an outsider’s perspective. Please note this article falls far short of doing any of these bodies there due justice. It also fails to mention a few bodies that intentionally or unintentionally did not make the official 2011 Program. My hope was simply to provide a jumping-off point for further research by the uninitiated.

Allied Masonic Degrees

The roots of the Allied Masonic Degrees (AMD)—and thus Masonic Week—can be traced to Monroe, N.C., and Bro. J. Raymond Shute II. After corresponding with the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland, Bro. Shute received permission to confer the Excellent Master Degree on May 12, 1931, at Asheville, N.C., upon a class of approximately 200 Royal Arch Masons. This conferral was the progenitor for what would later become the Grand Council, Allied Masonic Degrees.2 The AMD had previous existed in America since 1892 but had lain dormant for the majority of that time until Bro. Shute resurrected it in 1932 as a home for degrees similar to the Excellent Master Degree; namely, those which had made their way to America but were not a part of any governing body.3 Today, AMD is the largest of the York Rite invitational bodies. It confers eleven degrees and is open only to Royal Arch Masons. Local councils are restricted to twenty-seven members. However, there is no limit to the number of councils that may be formed in a given area.

Grand College of Rites

While similar to AMD, in that most outsiders have never heard of the degrees contained therein, the Grand College of Rites is the repository of extinct rituals. However, they do not perform these degrees but merely publish the ritual in their annual volume, Collectanea. The Grand College was formed by nine brethren on May 12, 1932, in Washington, D.C., to study Masonic organizations which were not associated with recognized bodies in the U.S., to prevent attempts to resurrect such bodies, and finally to preserve and publish such rituals.4 Membership is open to all Master Masons in good standing.

Grand Council of Knight Masons

Initially formed in Dublin, Ireland, on June 18, 1923, the Grand Council of the Order of Knight Masons of Ireland exists to govern what was previously referred to as the “Green Degrees”; which had been under the control of the Order of Knights Templar in Ireland.5 Brought to the U.S. by Bro. Shute, the Grand Council of the Knight Masons of the U.S.A. was formed on Feb. 18, 1967, and confers four degrees: Knight of the Sword, Knight of the East, Knight of the East & West, and Installed Chief. Membership is restricted to Royal Arch Masons and is by invitation only.

Holy Royal Arch Knight Templar Priests

The trend of Bro. Shute bringing invitational York Rite bodies to our shores continued with the Holy Royal Arch Knight Templar Priests and the establishment of their Grand College of America in 1931. Previous to which, the organization had reached us from the UK via New Zealand. Unfortunately, the exact date of its inception abroad has been lost and is generally accepted to have originated in the UK in the late 1700s or early 1800s.6 The organization seems to have existed under other titles in the past, such as the Priestly Order or White Mason.7 Membership is by invitation to Past Commanders of a Knights Templar Commandery, and the number of Tabernacles in each state is dictated by the number of active Commanderies in that state.

Knights of the York Cross of Honor

Like many of the preceding bodies, the Knights of the York Cross of Honor (KYCH) were founded in Monroe, N.C.,in 1930; with the Convent General of the order being formed on June 6th of that year.8 Membership is restricted to brethren who have presided over a symbolic lodge, chapter, council, and commandery, but it is still by invitation only. It technically has two degrees, Knight York Cross of Honor and Knight York Grand Cross. The latter is restricted to KYCH who have also served in one or more of the Grand Bodies.

Masonic Order of Athelstan in England, Wales, and Its Provinces Overseas

While only being formed in 2005, the ritual legend of the Masonic Order of Athelstan is inspired by King Athelstan who ruled England from 924 to 940 A.D. and is said in the Old Constitutions to have been a “great patron of Masonry.”9 It attracts brethren with an interest in Masonic History and is restricted to Royal Arch Masons of Chapters in full amity with the United Grand Lodge of England.

Masonic Order of the Bath

Not to be confused with the British chivalric order, the Masonic Order of the Bath was founded on June 21, 1921, in Red Bank, N.J.—the other home of many of these bodies, besides Monroe, N.C.—under the original name of “The Wahoo Band.” 10 As I’m sure one can guess by the original title, it is the first in this synopsis of what are sometimes referred to as the “fun” degrees; in which the social and charitable aspects of Masonry reign supreme. It took the name Masonic Order of the Bath on May 5, 1930.

The Masonic Society

The Masonic Society is the newest of the Research Societies included in this synopsis. It was founded on May 1, 2008. While often compared to the Philalethes Society, in that they both have quarterly publications, the Masonic Society has no limit on the number of Fellows (Philalethes is limited to forty). It also requires all members to be Master Masons recognized by the Conference of Grand Masters of Masons in North America.

The Operatives

While not claiming any direct lineage, the Operatives exist to further the legacy of our operative ancestors in the stonemason guilds of Europe. There are seven “grades” (instead of “degrees”) with titles such as “Fitter & Marker” and “Setter Erector.” The modern Operatives can trace their roots to May 21, 1913, and the re-opening of the London Section of the York Division of the Guild Operatives, which became a sovereign body on October 19, 1931.11 In the U.S., the first Assemblage was granted permission to operate in Pennsylvania on December 2, 2007. Membership is open to all Royal Arch Masons.

Philalethes Society

Formed on October 1, 1928, the Philalethes Society is the oldest research society in this synopsis. Beginning in March 1946, the Society has published their bi-monthly magazine, The Philalathes, meaning “lover of truth.” Their roster of forty Fellows has included some of the most important Masonic scholars of the 20th century such as Carl H. Claudy, Robert I. Clegg, Harold V.B. Voorhis, and A.E. Waite.12 General membership is open to all.

Royal Society of Knights Occidental

The Knights Occidental are one of the newer groups at Masonic Week and should perhaps be referred to as a “Dinner Degree” without any ceremony. First established at the Hotel Washington during Masonic Week in 1997 by Bros. Milton Dirst, Gary Hermann, and William Koon, The Royal Society of Knights Occidental has met for the purposes of food and fellowship every year since. Membership is open to all, and the dues are merely the price of dinner.

The Scarlet Cord

The Ancient and Masonic Order of the Scarlet Cord was consecrated as a sovereign body on July 21, 2010, at Freemasons’ Hall in London. The order originally dated back to 1889 and existed as a sister organization to the Order of the Secret Monitor (part of the AMD); however it lay dormant from 1929 until its revival in December 2006.13 There are six grades, and membership is restricted to Princes of the Order of the Secret Monitor.

Scottish Rite Research Society

The Scottish Rite Research Society (SRRS) was founded in 1991 to promote Masonic scholarship and, particularly, research into the Scottish Rite. The SRRS’ annual publication is Heredom, after the mythical Scottish mountain which has long been associated with high-degree Masonry. It has roughly 4,000 members and is open to all.

Societas Rosicruciana in Civitatibus Foederatis

The Societas Rosicruciana in Civitatibus Foederatis (SRICF) was constituted in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1880. Its progenitor, Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia, was founded in the U.K. in 1865.14 However, the SRICF exists as an independent organization. Its purpose is to explore the more esoteric aspects of Masonry, specifically as they pertain to Christian mysticism. SRICF membership is by invitation to all Christian Master Masons who are not already members of another Rosicrucian organization. There are nine grades, only one college per state, and only seventy-two members per College.

Society of Blue Friars

Another brainchild of Bro. J. Raymond Shute, the Society of Blue Friars was formed on July 1, 1932, in Monroe, N.C. with the sole purpose of honoring Masonic authors. It is without a doubt one of the smallest, and thus most selective, Masonic bodies. It has no degrees or dues. However, only one new member is selected each year; with the exception of when the membership drops below twenty, in which event multiple members may be chosen in a single year. Current membership is composed of roughly twenty-five Friars, all of whom are easily recognizable Masonic authors, usually having published several books.

Sovereign Order of Knights Preceptor

The Sovereign Order of Knights Preceptor was founded to honor and rededicate current and past Commanders of Knights Templar to the tenets of their order. The Grand Chapter was founded on February 22, 1977, in Westfield, N.J., by Thurman C. Pace, Jr. who subsequently served as the Order’s Grand Preceptor 1977–2003.15 Membership in a local a chapter is open to all current and past commanders by unanimous ballot of the chapter, and only one chapter is allowed within the territorial jurisdiction of a Grand Commandery.

Order of St. Thomas of Acon

The Commemorative Order of St. Thomas of Acon is an invitational chivalric body that is a revival of the crusading Knights of St. Thomas. (Acon is the anglicized name of the ancient city of Acre.) It was revived in the U.K. in 1974 by John E. N. Walker after twenty years of research into the Order’s history.16 The Grand Preceptor’s Council of the United States of America was founded in 2000 as a Province of the Order. Local bodies are called chapels and membership is restricted to Knights Templar by invitation only.

Ye Antiente Order of Corks

One of the “fun” degrees at Masonic Week with roots actually older than many of its more serious counterparts. Initially organized on February 16, 1868, as “The Jolly Corks,” it was reestablished on October 12, 1933, in Washington, D.C., by the Earl of Cassilis (Marquis of Ailsa) in his capacity as First Grand Principal of the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland.17 The U.S. acts as a Province of the Scottish body, where it is quite popular. Membership is open to all Royal Arch Masons and Craft Lodge Wardens, Masters, and Past Masters.18


Endnotes
1. “What Is Masonic Week, or DC Masonic Week or AMD Masonic Week?” Masonic Week 2011, httpx://yorkrite.com/MasonicWeek/ (accessed Jan. 5, 2011).
2. “A Historical Sketch of Its Beginnings,” Allied Masonic Degrees, http://www.alliedmasonicdegrees.org/history.htm (accessed Jan. 17, 2011).
3. S. Brent Morris, The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Freemasonry (New York: Penguin, 2006), 129.
4. Allied Masonic Groups and Rites (Washington: The Masonic Service Association, 1967), 15–16.
5. Ray V. Denslow, “Masonic Rites & Degrees,” Transactions of the Missouri Lodge of Research 12 (1955): 73–74.
6. Morris, 128.
7. Arthur Edward Waite, A New Encyclopedia of Freemasonry: Combined Edition (London: William Rider & Son, 1921) 2:294.
8. “Description,” Convent General: Knights of the York Cross of Honor, http://www.yorkrite.com/kych/info.html (accessed Jan. 17, 2011).
9. Albert G. Mackey, An Encyclopedia of Freemasonry, (New York: Masonic History Co., 1917), 85.
10. Denslow, 99.
11. “A Brief History of the Society,” The Operatives, http://www.operatives.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3&Itemid=6 (accessed Jan. 18, 2011).
12. “History of the Philalethes Society,” The Philalethes Society, http://www.freemasonry.org/history.php (accessed Jan. 18, 2011).
13. “A History,” The Ancient and Masonic Order of the Scarlet Cord, accessed, http://www.thescarletcord.org.uk/history.html (Jan. 18, 2011).
14. Henry Wilson Coil, Coil’s Masonic Encyclopedia, (Richmond: Macoy Publishing, 1996), 543.
15. “History of the Order,” Sovereign Order of Knights Preceptor, http://okp.albertpikedemolay.org/ (accessed Jan. 19, 2011).
16. “A History of the Order,” Commemorative Order of St. Thomas of Acon: Trinity Chapel, No. 12, http://www.stthomasofacon.org/ (accessed Jan. 19, 2011).
17. Allied Masonic Groups and Rites (Washington: Masonic Service Association, 1983), 5.
18. “Ye Antiente Order of Corks,” Allied Masonic Degrees, http://www.alliedmasonicdegrees.org/cork.htm (accessed Jan. 19, 2011).